This system integrates 3-bit pulse coding for the Raman signal and the Brillouin amplification of the Rayleigh-backscattered signal, discriminating strain, temperature, and vibration using a single sensing fiber. An optimized single-end hybrid Rayleigh, Brillouin, and Raman distributed fiber sensing system has been developed for simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters. For vibration sensing, a new differential location algorithm based on polarization state. We present a review of the basic operating principles and measurement schemes of standalone and hybrid distributed optical fiber sensors based on Raman and Brillouin scattering phenomena. Such sensors have been attracting a great deal of attention due to the wide industrial applications they offer.