LPOs are a low-power pluggable module interface that eliminates DSP chips, creating a linear signal path. By simplifying the connection, the LPO reduces cost, latency, and power consumption. According to the transmission rate, optical transceiver modules can be divided into 100M optical modules, Gigabit optical modules, 10G optical modules, 40G optical modules and 100G optical modules. We generally refer to optical transceiver modules with transmission rates of 1000M and below as low. SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) is a compact, hot-pluggable network interface module used to connect network devices (switches, routers, firewalls) to fiber optic or copper cables. Today, they are primarily found in older switch models and legacy systems where compatibility is required. LPO (Linear-drive Pluggable Optics), NPO (Near Package Optics), and CPO (Co-Packaged Optics) architectures are becoming core areas of industry focus. These modules, including SFP, SFP+, and SFP28, are widely used in enterprise networks, data centers, and carrier-grade deployments.
[PDF Version]